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Non-profit organizations (NPOs) have been recognized as critical performers not only in the enhancement of social values and civic integration but also in the construction of a global civil society, which can impact shareholders' ...
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Non-profit organizations (NPOs) have been recognized as critical performers not only in the enhancement of social values and civic integration but also in the construction of a global civil society, which can impact shareholders' policies and conventions. To examine how NPOs perform in this manner, this study follows two paths: (1) it empirically examines how public service motivation and organizational culture can enhance perceived accountability through hierarchical multivariate regression; and (2) it provides statistical results and presents future research directions through network analysis using interviews with experts. Finally, we report the results of the analysis and suggest useful theoretical and practical implications for future research on NPOs.
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In recent years, mobile robots have been required to become more and more autonomous in such a way that they are able to sense and recognize the three-dimensional space in which they live or work. In this paper, we deal with such ...
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In recent years, mobile robots have been required to become more and more autonomous in such a way that they are able to sense and recognize the three-dimensional space in which they live or work. In this paper, we deal with such an environment map building problem from three-dimensional sensing data for mobile robot navigation. In particular, the problem to be dealt with is how to extract and model obstacles which are not represented on the map but exist in the real environment, so that the map can be newly updated using the modeled obstacle information. To achieve this, we propose a three-dimensional map building method, which is based on a self-organizing neural network technique called "growing neural gas network." Using the obstacle data acquired from the 3D data acquisition process of an active laser range finder, learning of the neural network is performed to generate a graphical structure that reflects the topology of the input space. For evaluation of the proposed method, a series of simulations and experiments are performed to build 3D maps of some given environments surrounding the robot. The usefulness and robustness of the proposed method are investigated and discussed in detail.
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This study investigates incumbent firm responses to disruptive innovation in the rapidly evolving South Korean retail industry.The study explores the factors behind an incumbent firm’s decision-making processes when responding to...
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This study investigates incumbent firm responses to disruptive innovation in the rapidly evolving South Korean retail industry.The study explores the factors behind an incumbent firm’s decision-making processes when responding to disruptive innovation and examines the reasons behind varied incumbent responses.It investigates the agents that influence a firm’s decision by conducting the qualitative case study of a South Korean retail giant, Lotte.By collecting archival data from various sources, this paper was able to analyze different interviews and statements of the chief executive officer (CEO).From the analysis, it was determined that the firm’s overall actions were aligned with the CEO’s assertions.Thus, this paper asserts that Lotte’s response to disruptive innovation was directly influenced by the CEO’s attention.The results of this study further add to the discourse of disruptive innovation by highlighting the importance of CEO discretion in deciding a firm’s direction and by further emphasizing the relationship between managerial leadership and innovation.
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Image-to-patient registration is a coordinate system matching process between real patients and medical images to actively utilize medical images such as computed tomography (CT) during surgery. This paper mainly deals with a mark...
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Image-to-patient registration is a coordinate system matching process between real patients and medical images to actively utilize medical images such as computed tomography (CT) during surgery. This paper mainly deals with a markerless method utilizing scan data of patients and 3D data from CT images. The 3D surface data of the patient are registered to CT data using computer-based optimization methods such as iterative closest point (ICP) algorithms. However, if a proper initial location is not set up, the conventional ICP algorithm has the disadvantages that it takes a long converging time and also suffers from the local minimum problem during the process. We propose an automatic and robust 3D data registration method that can accurately find a proper initial location for the ICP algorithm using curvature matching. The proposed method finds and extracts the matching area for 3D registration by converting 3D CT data and 3D scan data to 2D curvature images and by performing curvature matching between them. Curvature features have characteristics that are robust to translation, rotation, and even some deformation. The proposed image-to-patient registration is implemented with the precise 3D registration of the extracted partial 3D CT data and the patient's scan data using the ICP algorithm.
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Transcription factor CP2c (also known as TFCP2, α-CP2, LSF, and LBP-1c) is involved in diverse ubiquitous and tissue/stage-specific cellular processes and in human malignancies such as cancer. Despite its importance, many fundame...
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Transcription factor CP2c (also known as TFCP2, α-CP2, LSF, and LBP-1c) is involved in diverse ubiquitous and tissue/stage-specific cellular processes and in human malignancies such as cancer. Despite its importance, many fundamental regulatory mechanisms of CP2c are still unclear. Here, we uncover an unprecedented mechanism of CP2c degradation via a previously unidentified SUMO1/PSME3/20 S proteasome pathway and its biological meaning. CP2c is SUMOylated in a SUMO1-dependent way, and SUMOylated CP2c is degraded through the ubiquitin-independent PSME3 (also known as REGγ or PA28)/20 S proteasome system. SUMOylated PSME3 could also interact with CP2c to degrade CP2c via the 20 S proteasomal pathway. Moreover, precisely timed degradation of CP2c via the SUMO1/PSME3/20 S proteasome axis is required for accurate progression of the cell cycle. Therefore, we reveal a unique SUMO1-mediated uncanonical 20 S proteasome degradation mechanism via the SUMO1/PSME3 axis involving mutual SUMO-SIM interaction of CP2c and PSME3, providing previously unidentified mechanistic insights into the roles of dynamic degradation of CP2c in cell cycle progression.
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Background. Two important issues in the aging kidney are mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. An Nrf2 activator, resveratrol, is known to have various effects. Resveratrol may prevent inflammation and oxidative stress b...
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Background. Two important issues in the aging kidney are mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. An Nrf2 activator, resveratrol, is known to have various effects. Resveratrol may prevent inflammation and oxidative stress by activating Nrf2 and SIRT1 signaling. We examined whether resveratrol could potentially ameliorate the cellular condition, such as renal injury due to cellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by aging.Methods. Male 18-month-old C57BL/6 mice were used. Resveratrol (40 mg/kg) was administered to aged mice for 6 months. We compared histological changes, oxidative stress, and aging-related protein expression in the kidney between the resveratrol-treated group (RSV) and the control group (cont). We performed experiments using small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for Nrf2 and SIRT1 in cultured HK2 cells.Results. Resveratrol improved renal function, proteinuria, histological changes and inflammation in aging mice. Also, expression of Nrf2-HO-1-NOQ-1 signaling and SIRT1-AMPK-PGC-1α signaling was increased in the RSV group. Transfection with Nrf2 and SIRT1 siRNA prevented resveratrol-induced anti-oxidative effect in HK2 cells in media treated with H_(2)O_(2).Conclusions. Activation of the Nrf2 and SIRT1 signaling pathways ameliorated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Pharmacological targeting of Nrf2 signaling molecules may reduce the pathologic changes of aging in the kidney.
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Japan was more dependent upon ocean shipping than any other major power during World War II, and the sea route had been the only means of transportation between Korea and Japan. The connecting steamers contributed to Japan’s wart...
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Japan was more dependent upon ocean shipping than any other major power during World War II, and the sea route had been the only means of transportation between Korea and Japan. The connecting steamers contributed to Japan’s wartime economy by transporting not only raw materials, but also forced laborers and sex slaves between Korea and Japan. More importantly, these connecting steamers were linked to railroads and land routes in Korea and were connected to various systems of transportation, including merchant ships and regular liners outside Japan. In this paper, we examine how Korean laborers and sex slaves were mobilized and transported from Korea to Japan during World War II by focusing on the interdependent relations between railroad-connecting ships and a travel agency.
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Recent studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis plays a crucial role in the progression of various renal diseases, including diabetic nephropathy. SAR131675 is a selective vascular endothelial ...
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Recent studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis plays a crucial role in the progression of various renal diseases, including diabetic nephropathy. SAR131675 is a selective vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that acts as a ligand for VEGF-C and VEGF-D to inhibit lymphangiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of SAR131675 on renal lymphangiogenesis in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Male C57BLKS/J db/m and db/db mice were fed either a regular chow diet or a diet containing SAR131675 for 12 weeks from 8 weeks of age. In addition, we studied palmitate-induced lymphangiogenesis in human kidney-2 (HK2) cells and RAW264.7 monocytes/macrophages, which play a major role in lymphangiogenesis in the kidneys. SAR131475 ameliorated dyslipidemia, albuminuria, and lipid accumulation in the kidneys of db/db mice, with no significant changes in glucose and creatinine levels and body weight. Diabetes-induced systemic inflammation as evidenced by increased systemic monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α level was decreased by SAR131475. SAR131475 ameliorated the accumulation of triglycerides and free fatty acids and reduced inflammation in relation to decreased chemokine expression and pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration in the kidneys. Downregulation of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 by SAR131475 inhibited lymphatic growth as demonstrated by decreased expression of LYVE-1 and podoplanin that was further accompanied by reduced tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in relation to improvement in oxidative stress and apoptosis. Treatment with SAR131475 improved palmitate-induced increase in the expression of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3, and LYVE-1, along with improvement in cytosolic and mitochondrial oxidative stress in RAW264.7 and HK2 cells. Moreover, the enhanced expression of M1 phenotypes in RAW264.7 cells under palmitate stress was reduced by SAR131475 treatment. The results suggest that modulation of lymphatic proliferation in the kidneys is a new treatment approach for type 2 diabetic nephropathy and that SAR131675 is a promising therapy to ameliorate renal damage by reducing lipotoxicity-induced lymphangiogenesis.
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For high speed visual inspection, it is essential to acquire 2-D images with a wide field of view and a high resolution. For use in 3-D shape inspection, a mosaic imaging system with a single lens and multiple sensors is presented...
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For high speed visual inspection, it is essential to acquire 2-D images with a wide field of view and a high resolution. For use in 3-D shape inspection, a mosaic imaging system with a single lens and multiple sensors is presented with the help of beam splitters and combined with multi-directional pattern projection units for phase measuring profilometry. For real-time stitch, a matching matrix between a pair of cameras with camera calibration is calculated based on their homography. The experimental results show its effectiveness for real-time 3-D shape inspection with a wide field of view and a high resolution.
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For high speed visual inspection, it is essential to acquire 2-D images with a wide field of view and a high resolution. For use in 3-D shape inspection, a mosaic imaging system with a single lens and multiple sensors is presented...
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For high speed visual inspection, it is essential to acquire 2-D images with a wide field of view and a high resolution. For use in 3-D shape inspection, a mosaic imaging system with a single lens and multiple sensors is presented with the help of beam splitters and combined with multi-directional pattern projection units for phase measuring profilometry. For real-time stitch, a matching matrix between a pair of cameras with camera calibration is calculated based on their homography. The experimental results show its effectiveness for real-time 3-D shape inspection with a wide field of view and a high resolution.
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